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A. Teeuw
Andries Teeuw (12 August 1921 – 18 May 2012), better known as A. Teeuw in scholarly circles and Hans Teeuw to his friends, was a Dutch critic of Indonesian literature.
==Biography==
Teeuw was born in Gorinchem, Netherlands, on 12 August 1921.
Teeuw conducted a field study of Indonesian literature in Yogyakarta between 1945 and 1947. While in Yogyakarta, he worked on translating the ''Bhomakhawya'', described as one of the most difficult kakawins. Teeuw was unable to complete the translation, noting that some parts were guesswork and other cantos were indecipherable. In 1946 he graduated with a doctorate in literature from Utrecht University, using his translation as the basis for his dissertation. In 1950 he took a position as lecturer of Malay literature at the University of Indonesia, a position which he held until 1951. It is while at the University of Indonesia that he published his first book on Indonesian literature, entitled ''Voltooid Voorspel''. The work was later expanded and translated to Indonesian, then published under the title ''Pokok dan Tokoh'' (''Tenets and Figures'') in 1952; it was expanded again for a revised edition in 1955. Four years later, he took a position as Lecturer on Indonesian and Malay Language and Literature at the Leiden University.
From 1962 until 1963, Teeuw held a position as guest lecturer at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. In 1967 he published the two volume ''Modern Indonesian Literature'', which has since been reprinted several times. The work was initially meant to be an English translation of ''Pokok dan Tokoh'', but Teeuw found his earlier book out of date. He became head of the Department of Language and Culture at Leiden University in 1968, a position which he held until 1986. While in this position, Teeuw, Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder, P. Galestin, Stuart Robson, and Peter Worsley translated the kakawin ''Siwaratrikalpa''; featuring notes and historical background, the translation was published as the first installment of the Bibliotheca Indonesica series, published by the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies. He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Indonesia in 1975; that same year he established the Indonesian Studies Programme, which serves to coordinate studies in the humanities between Indonesia and the Netherlands.
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